What is the main difference between a strain and a sprain?

The main difference between a strain and a sprain lies in the type of tissue that is injured. A strain specifically refers to an injury to a muscle or to the tendons that attach muscles to bones. This can occur when the muscle is stretched beyond its capacity, often resulting in pain, swelling, and impaired movement.

On the other hand, a sprain involves an injury to a ligament, which is the tough band of connective tissue that connects bones to other bones at a joint. Sprains typically happen when a joint is forcibly twisted or stretched, leading to tears or stretching of the ligaments, causing pain, swelling, stability loss, and sometimes bruising.

Understanding this distinction is crucial for first responders when assessing the nature of an injury, determining the appropriate first aid measures, and facilitating further medical evaluation if necessary.